Spring Allergy Season is Here: How to Manage Your Symptoms Effectively

Spring is officially here! If you're one of the more than 25% of American adults who experience seasonal allergies, you may already be feeling the effects. As pollen levels rise, it’s important to stay ahead of symptoms and manage them effectively so you can enjoy the season to the fullest.

So, where should you start? First, it’s important to understand the basics.

What causes seasonal allergies, and what are the potential symptoms?

Allergies can flare up when tiny substances called allergens enter the body. The immune system responds to those allergens by releasing a flood of chemicals, including histamine and an antibody called immunoglobulin E (IgE). These chemicals are released in response to the allergen. But they can also cause the tell-tale symptoms of an allergy attack—a runny nose, scratchy throat, a rash or hives, and itching eyes, skin and ears.

Not every allergy sufferer has all of these symptoms. And for some people, allergens can cause more serious symptoms, including swelling in the mouth and throat and trouble breathing, which may be a life-threatening reaction called anaphylaxis. If something like that happens, it’s important to seek medical help immediately.

For seasonal allergies, the allergens are usually pollen that trees and plants produce during certain times of year, but mold can also trigger allergies. Leaf mold is one allergen that is most common in fall. Grass pollen is most potent during spring and summer, and ragweed pollen hits in late summer and early fall.

What can you do to help manage your symptoms?

It’s recommended to first try reducing your exposure to allergens: keep windows closed, change your HVAC filter frequently and switch your clothes after you spend extended periods outdoors. You can also proactively monitor your daily pollen forecast through various online tools. Conditions expected to be “high” or “severe?” You may want to choose to stay indoors.

If those exposure-reducing measures don’t do the trick, there are over-the-counter (OTC) medication options you can find at your local pharmacy. Three common categories of OTC allergy products are:

1. Antihistamines. They help ease symptoms by blocking the effects of histamine. However, certain antihistamines can cause drowsiness, so that’s something to consider if you operate machinery or drive a lot. Some antihistamines are available over the counter, while others require a prescription. If allergies are new to you or if you’re not sure where to begin, you can ask your pharmacist or health care provider if an antihistamine may be a good first choice.
2. Decongestants. These can be used to help ease nasal congestion. Decongestants should be used to provide short-term relief. If you still feel like you need a decongestant after three days, let your health care provider know. It is also especially important to consult with a health care provider before using decongestants if you have high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, glaucoma, thyroid disease, or trouble urinating.
3. Corticosteroids. These often come in spray form and are available over the counter. They help prevent and relieve stuffiness, sneezing and a runny nose. For some people, however, they can cause nasal irritation and nose bleeds, so monitor your body’s response if you begin taking them.

When should you begin seasonal allergy treatment?

“Many people wait until their allergy symptoms become severe before starting medication,” said CVS Pharmacy District Leader in Grand Rapids, Velanda Kilano. “But allergy medications, especially antihistamines and nasal corticosteroids, are most effective when taken preventively.”

If you haven’t started early to help minimize your symptoms, it’s not too late to take action. Taking antihistamines now can still help reduce inflammation and block histamine effects that cause discomfort. Pairing medication with simple steps like staying indoors on high-pollen days or using a saline rinse can also help you manage your allergies and stay more comfortable this season.

Can you take an antihistamine and decongestant together?

In some cases, a combination of medications might also yield better results. Some OTC medicines are, in fact, already combination products. But safety should be your first consideration. Always read drug labels before you begin taking a medication, and factor in any other medications you are already taking to avoid doubling up on active ingredients, which may potentially increase side effects.

When preparing your defense (or offense) against seasonal allergies, remember that your local pharmacist is an available resource for help. They can provide advice to those experiencing allergy symptoms, recommend over-the-counter medications and even help connect you with medical providers for personalized treatment.

This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice. Consult your health care provider before taking any vitamins or supplements and prior to beginning or changing any health care practices.