This Infectious Disease Has Increased 1,500% Nationwide: See NJ Data

NEW JERSEY — An ongoing measles outbreak may be the “canary in the coal mine” signaling public health dangers as vaccine hesitancy grows, according to a new report from the investigative journalism site ProPublica.

Spiking rates of pertussis — or whooping cough rates, coupled with lower vaccine coverage — are another bellwether of a return of childhood illnesses, the ProPublica report said. Like measles, whooping cough is preventable by vaccine.

New Jersey is one of 39 states where measles vaccine rates have fallen below herd immunity rates in 2023, according to the report.

Most states saw pertussis vaccination rates decline between 2013 and 2023, according to the ProPublica report. New Jersey is also among them.

“This is not just measles,” Dr. Adam Ratner, a pediatric infectious diseases doctor in New York City and author of the book “Booster Shots: The Urgent Lessons of Measles and the Uncertain Future of Children’s Health,” told ProPublica, “It’s a bright-red warning light.”

Cases of pertussis, the disease that causes the intense coughing spells is known, have skyrocketed by more than 1,500 percent nationwide since hitting a record low during the pandemic, according to ProPublica, which used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Pertussis can be life-threatening in infants and young children, leading to pneumonia, pauses in breathing, dehydration, and even brain damage. On average, between two and four people a year die from whooping cough. Last year, 10 people died and so far this year, two people and possibly a third have died as whooping cough cases are on track to exceed reported illnesses in 2024.

Of the 35,435 reported pertussis cases last year, 423 were in New Jersey, with the incidence rate about 4.57 per 100,000 residents, according to the CDC’s 2024 provisional pertussis surveillance report.

The CDC doesn’t have 2025 data on whooping cough.

State data, however, shows pertussis cases in the Garden State were much higher in 2024. While case investigations are still underway, the New Jersey Department of Health said that as of April 23, the state had recorded 1,552 pertussis cases for 2024.

Last fall, New Jersey health officials issued an advisory noting the increase in pertussis cases in the state.

“Cases have occurred across the state, in multiple schools, and have included a mix of unvaccinated individuals (mostly infants), vaccinated individuals (school-aged children), and individuals with unknown vaccination history (mostly adults),” the advisory stated.

Approximately 93.2 percent of New Jersey kindergarteners were vaccinated against whooping cough for the 2023-24 school year, according to the CDC.

ProPublica’s review of state health department records shows that two babies in Louisiana have died of pertussis in the last six months; Washington state just reported its first confirmed death from pertussis in more than a decade; Idaho and South Dakota each reported a death this year; and Oregon last year reported two as well as its highest number of cases since 1950.

At the same time, measles has sickened 800 people in 10 outbreaks so far this year, according to the most recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. An outbreak is defined as one in which there are three or more related cases. The agency said 94 percent of cases this year are part of an outbreak.

Cases have been confirmed in 25 jurisdictions: Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York City, New York State, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, and Washington.

According to the New Jersey Department of Health, New Jersey’s three cases in 2025 were linked to a single household outbreak in February. The agency said it is also aware of four additional, unrelated measles cases in non-residents who may have exposed New Jerseyans this year.

Approximately 90.4 percent of adolescents ages 13-17 years in New Jersey have received two or more doses of the MMR vaccine, according to 2023 data.

ProPublica said that statewide vaccination rates can be deceiving because some counties and communities have far lower vaccination rates, driving outbreaks.

“My concern is that there is going to be a large outbreak of not just measles, but other vaccine-preventable diseases as well, that’s going to end up causing a lot of harm, and possibly deaths in children and young adults,” Dr. Anna Durbin, a professor in the Department of International Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health who has spent her career studying vaccines, told ProPublica.

“And it’s completely preventable,” Durbin said.

» Read the full report on ProPublica