Local Doctor Calls Genetic Testing Important Tool in Breast Cancer Fight

Actress Angelina Jolie just revealed she underwent a double mastectomy and reconstructive surgery in order to lower her risk of breast and ovarian cancer from BRCA gene mutations.

BRCA genes are known as tumor suppressors, and mutation of those genes has been linked to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Jolie’s story has suddenly made many people aware of the importance of genetic testing.

Bilateral mastectomy is an option for women who test positive for the BRCA1 gene mutation like Jolie, and can reduce the risk of breast cancer by 90-95%. But it’s important to note, mastectomy is just one option. It’s also important to note that the overall survival rate for those who have a mastectomy is no different than if you keep your breasts and follow up with a high-risk screening program — keeping in mind that BRCA-related breast cancers only account for 5 to 10% of all breast cancers.

The BRCA1 risk of ovarian cancer is even higher (less so with BRCA2), so frequent and thorough screening is especially important during a woman’s childbearing years. Once their child-bearing years are complete, women can consider the removal of their ovaries; removing the ovaries also slightly decreases the risk of breast cancer.

Personalized screenings help to detect cancer that may have otherwise gone unnoticed. Screenings for these cancers are based on each patient’s personal and family histories. There are many options to reduce the risk of breast cancer; each person and their family history is different, so your doctor will help you determine the right options for you specifically.

Many people are also concerned about the cost of genetic testing. Most insurance companies will cover BRCA genetic testing, as well as preventive surgeries. Work with genetic counselors to determine possible red flags, and once these are determined, insurance will cover testing and necessary procedures. By law, having BRCA gene mutations cannot affect your insurance or employment status.

If you have a family history of breast cancer, get genetic testing. Genetic testing is simple and painless, and it will accurately determine if you have BRCA gene mutations. If you do, your doctor will work with you to help manage your cancer risk, and a personalized preventive and early intervention plan will be developed for you, in consultation with a multidisciplinary team of experts.

So if you are at a heightened risk of developing breast cancer due to family history or atypical test results, it’s time to discuss your options for testing and assessment. 

Dr. Jan Huston is medical director of the Breast Health program at HackensackUMC Mountainside in Montclair, New Jersey. HackensackUMC Mountainside is home to the area’s first High Risk Breast Cancer Center.