Rare Infection from Fresh-Water Swimming Surfaces in Virginia

A rare infection from swimming in fresh water surfaced in the central region of Virginia this summer for the first time since 1969, according to the state’s Health Department.

The amoeba Naegleria fowleri proliferates in stagnant freshwater lakes, ponds, streams and rivers when water temperatures climb into the high 80s. The organism travels up the nose to the brain, causing a severe and nearly always fatal form of meningitis.

Dr. Keri Hall, director of epidemiology at the Virginia Department of Health, said: "Sadly we have had a Naegleria infection in Virginia this summer. It's important that people be aware of these safe swimming messages."

The infection was not found anywhere near Northern Virginia, according to Maribeth Brewster, the department's risk communication manager.

Only 32 infections were reported in the United States from 2001 to 2010.

The Health Department said the most common symptom of recreational water illness is diarrhea, which frequently is severe enough to result in hospitalization. Symptoms may not begin until a week or more after swimming.

Another concern is the parasite Cryptosporidium, a common waterborne disease agents. It is a chlorine-resistant parasite that can survive and be transmitted even in a properly maintained pool.

The Virginia Department of Health offers these tips for safe swimming:

The best way to prevent recreational water illnesses is to keep germs out of the water in the first place. Follow these steps for a safe and healthy swimming experience:

• Don't swim when you have diarrhea.
• Don't swallow pool, lake, pond or river water.
• Practice good hygiene. Shower with soap before and after swimming.
• Wash your hands thoroughly after using the restroom or changing diapers.
• Take children on bathroom breaks or change diapers often.
• Change diapers in a bathroom, not at poolside or beachside.
• Avoid swimming, diving or other activities in obviously stagnant freshwater bodies when temperatures are high and water levels are low.
• Hold your nose or wear nose plugs when underwater or when diving or swimming in hot, shallow freshwater bodies.