Blood Moon Total Lunar Eclipse 2022: When To See It In Oceanside

OCEANSIDE, CA — Get ready for some super moon action this weekend! May’s full moon, also called the “Flower Moon” reaches its peak on Sunday and Monday. It's also the first of two total lunar eclipses visible to Oceanside residents this year and will turn May's full moon blood red.

Like all celestial events, whether you'll be able to see the stellar lunar event, of course, depends on the weather. The National Weather Service currently forecasts mostly clear skies Sunday night, with patchy fog along the coastline.

Not everyone will see all three stages of the eclipse.

According to NASA, people living in the eastern half of the country and all of South America will be able to see each stage of the lunar eclipse. People in other parts of the United States will see totality but will miss other phases.

Here's what to expect:

Moonrise is around 8:06 p.m. Pacific Time (PDT) Sunday, May 15. It's worth taking a look because 1) rising full moons are pretty and 2) some celestial experts call it a supermoon (a bit more about that later).

The partial eclipse starts at 7:27 p.m. PDT Sunday and the total eclipse starts at 8:29 p.m. PDT. The face of the moon will get gradually darker until totality peaks at 9:11 p.m.

Totality, which is the period where the full moon is completely covered by the dark part of the Earth's shadow and turns a reddish color, will last about 1 hour and 25 minutes — the longest prime-time totality on the West Coast this century.

The eclipse is over at 10:55 p.m. PDT Sunday and the moon will continue to shine until dawn, setting at 6:16 a.m. Monday, May 16.

Lunar eclipses only happen during a full moon, when the moon is opposite the sun in its orbit of Earth. In a total lunar eclipse, the sun fully illuminates the face of the moon. During an eclipse, the entire moon enters the darkest part of Earth's shadow.

In a penumbral eclipse, the moon passes through the outer part of Earth's shadow, only slightly dimming the surface of the moon. In a partial eclipse, the moon enters Earth's darkest shadow, the umbra, causing some of the moon to darken significantly.

"Blood moon" is a descriptive rather than technical astronomical term, though The Old Farmer's Almanac says the phrase is "hyped" and that a fully eclipsed moon is orange, or copper-colored like a penny, but not blood red. The moon's color at totality can also vary depending upon the amount of dust, volcanic ash or other particulate matter in the atmosphere, and because of cloud cover, according to Space.com.

Weather permitting, the lunar eclipse is worth staying up late to watch, even if it isn't a supermoon.

"Supermoon" isn't an astronomical term either, but rather one coined by astrologer Richard Nolle, who calls a full or new moon a supermoon when it is at 90 percent of its closest point, or perigee, to Earth. Under Nolle's definition, four full moons meet supermoon criteria: a new or "stealth" moon on Jan. 14, full moons on June 14 and July 13, and a new moon on Dec. 23.

However, Fred Espenak, a retired NASA astrophysicist who worked at the Goddard Space Flight Center, uses slightly different criteria. He says the May flower moon is the first of four supermoons in 2022. He also counts the June 14 and July 13 full moons as supermoons. Unlike Nolle, Espenak says the Aug. 12 full moon will be a supermoon (bad news for Perseids meteor shower fans, because the supermoon and the peak of the summertime favorite coincide).

• Related: 2022 Guide To Meteor Showers, Lunar Eclipses, Supermoons

Either way, a supermoon isn't bigger, and it doesn't even look that much bigger in the sky when compared to a normal full moon. While it can look larger when it's close to the horizon, that's due to "the circuitry in your brain," according to Universe Today which explained, "it's an optical illusion … so well known that it has its own name: Moon illusion."

Although most often called the full flower moon, the May full moon is also known as the corn planting moon and the milk moon in the United States. In Asia, it is known as the Vesak Festival Moon because it corresponds with Buddha Jayanti or Buddha Purnima, a Buddhist holiday that marks the birth, enlightenment and death of Gautama Buddha.

The actual date of the Vesak festival depends on the calendar used in different countries and regions, but generally falls on or near the day of the May full moon.

If you miss the eclipse this month, the second 2022 total lunar eclipse on Nov. 8 will be visible across the Americas, Oceania and Asia.