Milwaukee Eyes Alternative-To-Police Plan

MILWAUKEE,WI— The Common Council voted unanimously to adopt legislation to establish an unarmed first responder program to address calls for service that do not involve a threat to public safety – and specifically those involving persons experiencing mental health, substance abuse or homelessness crises -- with well trained, unarmed professionals.

The legislation -- Council file #200632 – aims to address the concerns of the traditional
models for responding to 9-1-1 police calls for service, which typically dispatch armed law
enforcement personnel to most incidents, including those that involve persons who are not
presenting a threat to public safety, but who may be experiencing serious mental health, substance abuse or homelessness issues.

Alderwoman Chantia Lewis, the author of the legislation (cosponsored by Alderman Nik Kovac and Alderwoman Milele A. Coggs), said shifting responsibility for responding to calls for service that do not present a threat to public safety to trained, unarmed first responders could increase service efficiency while reducing burdens on Milwaukee Police resources.

“We recognize that law enforcement personnel may not have the depth of crisis response
training and access to social service resources to respond effectively to such situations, and that
the addition of armed law enforcement personnel to a non-violent, non-criminal incident too often escalates a situation that can lead to incarceration or other criminal sanctions from
an incident that did not initially present a threat to public safety,” said Alderwoman Lewis, vice
chair of the Public Safety and Health Committee.

The program was first discussed among Council members this summer and the file was
introduced in late September, with the Public Safety and Health Committee recommending
approval on October 1.

Several cities have publicly discussed establishing alternative first-response options,
primarily in relation to efforts to reduce police budgets. According to officials in Eugene, Oregon,
leadership from nearly 20 cities — including Austin, Chicago, Oakland, Denver, New York City
and Portland — have recently reached out to learn more about Eugene’s unique mobile
CAHOOTS partnership (Crisis Assistance Helping Out On The Streets) in place since 1989.

CAHOOTS partners a local social work and outreach clinic and the Eugene Police Department, and CAHOOTS teams provide support for Eugene police personnel by taking on many of the social service-type calls for service and providing crisis counseling.

Alderwoman Lewis said CAHOOTS personnel often provide initial contact and transport
for people who are intoxicated, mentally ill, or disoriented, as well as transport for nonemergency medical care.

She said the city’s program seeks to model much of the Eugene program, providing trained, professional, unarmed first responders to serve individuals in crises with counseling, mediation, transportation and to refer them to appropriate social service resources while avoiding incident escalation and criminal sanctions.

“What we’ve been doing clearly isn’t working and has bogged down police officers on
calls involving people in crises, and we need a different approach to responding to situations
where individuals are clearly in desperate need of help that shouldn’t involve law enforcement,”
she said.

The next step for the program is to develop an interim master plan that sets forth the
city’s policies and goals for the program, as a prelude to a final master plan to be developed at a
later date.

The interim master plan will address options for operating alongside, in partnership
with, or merging with, other local emergency response programs, including the City-County
Trauma Response Initiative, the Milwaukee Opioid Response Initiative, and the Community
Paramedic Integrated Mobile Healthcare Program, and will be developed with assistance from a
city, county and/or private partnership with consideration of best practices developed by unarmed
first responder programs in other cities.